高温旋启式止回阀密封面冲蚀失效分析及结构优化研究

建平 占(中广核核电运营有限公司，中国)

摘要

本文聚焦于核电高温高压工况下旋启式止回阀密封面的冲蚀失效分析研究。首先，剖析阀门在核电特殊环境中的结构特性与工作原理，明确密封面的核心性能参数；结合现场失效实例与样本检验，揭露密封面冲蚀失效的典型形貌特征与演变规则；基于失效原理剖析，提出针对核电工况的密封面结构优化计划。为保障核电站关键装置的长周期安全稳定运行提供技术支持。

关键词

核电站；高温旋启式止回阀；密封面；冲蚀失效；结构优化

参考

飞竹玲,师广义.旋启式止回阀专利技术综述[J].广东化工,2018,45(11):166-168+181.

栾胜伟.旋启式止回阀的改进设计方法探析[J].产业创新研究,2020,(12):139-140.

飞竹玲,师广义.旋启式止回阀专利技术综述[J].广东化工,2018,45(11):166-168+181.Risk Prediction and Prevention Strategies for Low-Temperature Corrosion in Boiler Tail Flue Kunlong QinState Grid Energy Xinjiang Zhundong Coal Power Co., Ltd., Zhundong, Xinjiang, 831100, China AbstractLow-temperature corrosion in boiler tail flue is a critical issue constraining safe and efficient boiler operation. It primarily occurs when acidic media such as SO3 generated from sulfur-containing fuel combustion combine with water vapor, condensing when the tube wall temperature falls below the dew point. Factors like fly ash erosion and load fluctuations further exacerbate corrosion. To precisely mitigate this risk, risk prediction can be achieved through dew point calculation, online monitoring modeling, and condition correlation analysis. Multi-faceted prevention strategies should be formulated based on actual operational needs: optimizing combustion and flue gas conditions to reduce acidic media generation, enhancing tube wall temperature through structural design, operational adjustments, and heat tracing insulation, selecting corrosion-resistant materials and anti-corrosion coatings to strengthen equipment protection, while strengthening operation and maintenance monitoring and emergency response. This paper systematically elucidates the causative mechanisms, prediction methods, and prevention

pathways for low-temperature corrosion, providing technical references for reducing equipment wear and ensuring stable uni

t operation, thereby contributing to the green and low-carbon development of the energy and power industry.Keywordsboiler; flue; low temperature corrosion锅炉尾部烟道低温腐蚀风险预测与防控策略秦坤龙国网能源新疆准东煤电有限公司，中国·新疆准东 831100摘要锅炉尾部烟道低温腐蚀是制约锅炉安全高效运行的关键问题，主要由含硫燃料燃烧生成的 SO3等酸性介质与水蒸气结合，在管壁温度低于露点时凝结引发，飞灰冲刷、负荷波动等因素会进一步加剧腐蚀。为精准防控该风险，可通过露点计算、在线监测建模、工况关联分析等方法实现风险预测，结合实际运行需求制定多元防控策略：优化燃烧与烟气工况以减少酸性介质生成，通过结构设计、运行调节及伴热保温提升管壁温度，选用耐蚀材料与防腐涂层强化设备防护，同时加强运维监测与应急处置。本文系统阐述低温腐蚀的成因机理、预测方法与防控路径，为降低设备损耗、保障机组稳定运行提供技术参考，助力能源电力行业绿色低碳发展。关键词锅炉；烟道；低温腐蚀【作者简介】秦坤龙（1992-），男，中国河南沈丘人，本科，技术员，从事火力发电研究。1 引言锅炉尾部烟道作为烟气余热回收的核心区域，涵盖省煤器、空气预热器等关键设备，其运行状态直接影响锅炉的热效率与使用寿命。低温腐蚀是该区域最突出的失效风险之一，主要由烟气中酸性介质凝结引发，会导致设备管壁变薄、泄漏甚至断裂，不仅增加检修成本、影响机组正常运行，还可能引发安全事故。因此，精准预测低温腐蚀风险并采取有效防控措施，对保障锅炉长期稳定运行、降低能耗损失具有重要现实意义。

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/dlynyqy.v4i1.35491