地基施工进度计划优化与现场协调管理研究
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周琦云,岳龙,何瑞.市政工程中基于BIM的进度与成本协同控制研究[J].中国建筑金属结构,2025,24(22):151-153.表 1 某地基工程项目进度优化效果对比表指标优化前优化后变化幅度总工期120 d95 d-20.8%综合资源利用率75%90%+15.0 百分点周计划兑现率68%92%+24.0 百分点单桩候浇时长4.0 h1.5 h-62.5%设备有效工时比0.620.82+0.20混凝土供应及时率78%96%+18.0 百分点单位桩综合直接成本9800 CNY/pile9100 CNY/pile-7.1%成本节约率0%7.1%+7.1 百分点关键路径受扰时长16 d6 d-62.5%Design of Continuous Discharge Waste Heat Recovery System for Steam Boiler and Application Benefit AnalysisPeng Zhou Beijing Ruihong Kaicheng Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100070, ChinaAbstractThere is a significant problem of massive heat energy waste caused by the direct discharge of high-temperature drain water in the continuous blowdown link of industrial steam boilers. Taking the multi-tonnage steam boiler group in the boiler room of a certain unit as an engineering example, a continuous blowdown waste heat recovery system based on parallel plate heat exchangers was designed. Two sets of technical schemes suitable for different boiler capacities were proposed, and the system process flow, thermal calculation, equipment selection and construction organization design were completed. The operation data show that: on the premise of not affecting the safe operation of the boiler, the system can reduce the temperature of the continuous blowdown water from 100℃ to 40℃ and increase the temperature of the boiler feed water by 10~17℃; the total transformation investment cost of the project is 350,000 yuan. Calculated based on the A boiler operating 210 days a year, the B boiler operating 120 days a year, the natural gas calorific value of 34.58MJ/m³, and the gas price of 2.8 yuan/m³, the A boiler room saves 39,000 m³ of natural gas annually with an economic benefit of about 109,200 yuan, and the B boiler room saves 396,000 m³ of natural gas annually with an economic benefit of about 1,108,800 yuan. The system has a short investment payback period and prominent energy-saving and environmental protection benefits. The research can provide engineering reference for the continuous blowdown waste heat transformation of central heating boiler rooms such as airports and industrial parks.Keywordsteam boiler; continuous sewage discharge; waste heat recovery; plate heat exchanger; energy-saving transition蒸汽锅炉持续排污余热回收系统设计及项目应用效益分析周鹏北京睿弘恺诚科技有限公司,中国·北京 100070摘要工业蒸汽锅炉持续排污环节存在大量高温、疏水直接排放,热能浪费明显等问题。以某单位锅炉房多吨位蒸汽锅炉群为项目实例,以并联式板式换热器为基础,设计了连续排污余热回收系统,提出了两套适用于不同锅炉容量的技术方案,完成了系统工艺流程、热力计算、设备选型及施工组织设计等工作。运行数据表明:该系统可在不影响锅炉安全运行的情况下,将连排水温度由100℃降至40℃,加热锅炉给水提高10~17℃;该项目改造投资费用35万元,按锅炉A年运行210天,锅炉B年运行120天,天然气热值34.58MJ/m³,气价2.8元/m³,预计A锅炉房每年可节约天然气3.9万m³,经济效益10.92万元,B锅炉房年节约天然气39.6万m³,经济效益110.88万元,系统投资回收期短,节能环保效益凸显。该研究可为机场、工业园区等集中供热锅炉房连排余热改造提供工程参考。关键词蒸气锅炉;持续排放污水;余热回收利用;板式热交换器;节能转型作者简介:周鹏(1985-),男,中国天津人,本科,助理工程师,从事供热研究。1 引言工业锅炉是我国能耗和碳排放的重点装备,持续排污是保证蒸汽质量和炉水质的必要手段,其排放的污水具有温度高、流量稳定、余热品位高等特点。传统锅炉房多采用连续排污扩容器闪蒸后直接排出低压疏水,大量低热能没有得到利用,有悖于国家“双碳”战略和工业节能降耗的要求。持续排污余热回收利用热交换器换热为主流技术路线,板式热交换器由于换热系数高、结构紧凑、阻力小、易维护等优点,广泛应用于锅炉余热回收利用领域。以某单位锅炉房5台不同吨位的蒸汽锅炉为研究对象,针对原系统疏水直排、余热利用率低等问题,设计了并联式可切换余热回收系统,对同类项目进行了热力学计算、设备选型、施工方案及效益分析、技术支持及实践依据等方面的研究。
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/gcjsygl.v10i5.37470
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