细节护理对降低患者压力性损伤发生率的观察

思雨 于(航天中心医院，中国)

摘要

压力性损伤是临床住院患者常见的并发症，其发生与局部组织长期受压、血液循环障碍、皮肤屏障受损等多种因素相关，不仅会加重患者躯体痛苦，延长住院周期，增加医疗费用负担，还可能引发感染、败血症等严重并发症，影响患者预后康复，甚至威胁生命安全。临床常规护理多以基础皮肤护理、常规体位调整为主，缺乏针对性与精细化，难以全面覆盖压力性损伤的高危环节与个体差异，防控效果有限。而细化护理以“以人为本、精准施策”为核心，立足患者个体情况，将护理措施渗透到压力性损伤防控的每一个细节，从风险评估、皮肤防护、体位管理到营养支持、健康宣教，形成全流程、全方位的护理体系，弥补了常规护理的不足。

关键词

细节护理；降低；压力性损伤

参考

优质化护理在院内感染控制中的应用观察. 刘红梅;陈双凤.智慧健康,2024(25)

三级质控管理模式在血透室院内感染控制中的应用. 张娟;刘兰霞;刘嘉欣.西藏医药,2025(05)

医院感染控制中应用微生物检验的临床研究. 朱丽萍.医药论坛杂志,2025(07)

集束化管理在提升护理效率中的应用与效果评价. 蒋列琴;应佳佳;周莹莹;徐琳;王莉;崔飞飞.浙江临床医学,2025(12)A Study on the Application of Modified Cluster Nursing in Reducing Aspiration Risk Associated with Enteral Nutrition in Elderly Critically Ill PatientsMinting MO Yilv ChenThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, ChinaAbstracttObjective: To investigate the interventional effect of a modified cluster care strategy on reducing the risk of aspiration during enteral nutrition in elderly critically ill patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 60 elderly critically ill patients requiring enteral nutrition admitted to the emergency ward of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from June 2025 to January 2026. Based on different nursing approaches, patients were divided into an observation group (admitted from November 2025 to January 2026, n=30) and a control group (admitted from June 2025 to October 2025, n=30). The control group received the department’s original conventional nursing methods and, while the observation group received the department’s modified cluster care measures. The nursing outcomes were analyzed for both groups. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding aspiration risk and swallowing function, incidence of aspiration and aspiration pneumonia, nutritional levels, and satisfaction with aspiration-prevention nursing methods. Results: Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in swallowing function between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention with different nursing management approaches, the observation group showed significantly higher nutritional assessment scores than the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of aspiration in the observation group was 10.0%, significantly lower than the 36.66% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The modified cluster care strategy can effectively reduce the incidence of aspiration in critically ill patients and improve their nutritional status to some extent. It provides a new and effective management strategy for aspiration prevention in critically ill patients, which can be promoted and applied in clinical practice.Keywordscluster care; elderly patients; critical illness; enteral nutrition; aspiration; aspiration pneumonia改良式集束化护理在降低老年危重患者肠内营养误吸风险中的应用研究莫敏婷陈怡绿中山大学附属第一医院，中国·广东广州 510080摘要目的：研究改良式集束化护理策略在降低老年危重患者肠内营养误吸风险的干预效果。方法：回顾性研究2025年6月-2026年1月广州市某三甲医院急诊病房收治的需行肠内营养的老年危重患者60例，根据患者不同的护理方式，分组观察组（2025年11月-2026年1月收治，30例）和对照组（2025年6月-2025年10月收治，30例），对照组实施常规的的护理方法观察组接受的是改良后的集束化护理措施，分析两组护理效果。比较2组吞咽功能、误吸发生率、营养水平等情况。结果：两组患者护理干预前吞咽功能方面比较，无统计学差异（P>0.05）；不同护理管理方式干预后，观察组营养评分较对照组高（P<0.05）；观察组患者误吸发生率为 10.0%，低于对照组的36.66%（P<0.05）。结论：改良式集束化护理策略可有效降低危重患者误吸发生情况，并能一定程度上改善营养状态，为危重患者防误吸护理提供新的、有效的管理策略，可在临床推广应用。关键词集束化护理；老年患者；危重病；肠内营养；误吸；吸入性肺炎【作者简介】莫敏婷（1996-），女，中国广西藤县人，本科，初级护理师，从事器官移植护理研究。【通讯作者】陈怡绿（1991—），女，本科，护理师， 研究方向：Excel表格相关功能、急救车管理。

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12345/nrr.v5i2.39309